Amendment 1 · Ratified December 15, 1791
Explore the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment, which protects individuals' rights to practice their religion freely.
Source: U.S. Const. amend. 1
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
The Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment guarantees individuals the right to practice their religion freely without government interference. It ensures that individuals can hold and express their own beliefs in matters of faith.
The First Amendment was ratified as part of the Bill of Rights in response to the Founding Fathers' experiences with religious persecution and the establishment of a state church in England. The framers sought to ensure religious liberty as a fundamental American principle.
This test examines if a law that is neutral and generally applicable interacts with religious practices.
This test analyzes whether government action substantially burdens religious exercise and if so, whether there is a compelling state interest.
Holding: The Supreme Court held that a state could deny unemployment benefits to a person fired for using illegal drugs for religious purposes.
Significance: This case established a precedent that laws that are neutral and generally applicable do not violate the Free Exercise Clause.
Holding: The Supreme Court ruled that a state could provide vocational assistance to a blind student attending a religious college.
Significance: This case highlighted the distinction between government funding and religious establishment, supporting the Free Exercise rights.