immigration law · defense

Elements of Cancellation Of Removal

Quick Answer

What are the elements of Cancellation Of Removal?

Cancellation of Removal is a discretionary relief option that permits a noncitizen to remain in the United States and obtain a green card if they meet specific criteria. It is available to certain non-permanent residents who demonstrate continuous presence, good moral character, and substantial hardship to qualifying relatives if removed.

Required Elements

1. Continuous Physical Presence

The applicant must have been physically present in the United States for a continuous period of at least ten years prior to the filing of the application.

What to prove: The applicant needs to provide evidence of their presence in the U.S. through documents such as leases, utility bills, or tax returns.

2. Good Moral Character

The applicant must demonstrate good moral character during the ten years immediately preceding the application.

What to prove: Evidence can include affidavits, community service records, or any absence of criminal activity that would negatively affect the applicant's moral character.

3. Extreme Hardship

The applicant must show that their removal would result in extreme hardship to their U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident spouse, parent, or child.

What to prove: This requires demonstrating specific hardships, which may involve economic, emotional, or medical hardships that are significantly more severe than the usual consequences of deportation.

Burden of Proof

The burden is on the applicant to prove that they meet all statutory requirements by a preponderance of the evidence.

Common Fact Patterns
  • An applicant with several U.S. citizen children facing serious health issues who may be deprived of proper care if removed.
  • An applicant who has lived in the U.S. for over ten years and has no significant criminal history but faces separation from a lawful permanent resident spouse.
Exam Tip

Focus on the specific elements required for cancellation of removal, particularly emphasizing how the applicant can demonstrate extreme hardship and good moral character, as questions around this topic are common in immigration law exams.

Key Cases
  • Matter of Pula, 19 I&N Dec. 467 (BIA 1987)
  • Matter of C-V-T-, 22 I&N Dec. 7 (BIA 1998)
  • Matter of Arreguin, 21 I&N Dec. 38 (BIA 1995)

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