torts · claim

Elements of Wrongful Death

Quick Answer

What are the elements of Wrongful Death?

Wrongful death refers to a legal claim initiated when a person dies due to the misconduct or negligence of another party. Such claims allow surviving family members to seek compensation for losses resulting from the death.

Required Elements

1. Death of a Person

The claimant must establish that a person has died.

What to prove: The plaintiff must provide proof of death, typically confirmed by a death certificate.

2. Negligence or Intentional Harm

The plaintiff must show that the defendant's actions were either negligent or intentionally harmful, leading to the death.

What to prove: The plaintiff must demonstrate that the defendant breached a duty of care or engaged in an intentional act that directly resulted in the death.

3. Causation

There must be a direct link demonstrating that the defendant's actions caused the death in question.

What to prove: The plaintiff must establish that 'but for' the defendant's actions, the deceased would not have died.

4. Damages

The claimant must demonstrate that they have suffered loss as a result of the death.

What to prove: The plaintiff should present evidence of financial losses, emotional suffering, and other damages incurred due to the death.

Burden of Proof

The plaintiff bears the burden of proof, demonstrating the elements of the claim by a preponderance of the evidence standard.

Available Defenses
  • Contributory Negligence
  • Assumption of Risk
  • Statute of Limitations
Common Fact Patterns
  • A car accident where a driver’s negligence leads to the death of a pedestrian.
  • A medical malpractice case resulting in the death of a patient due to a doctor's failure to provide required care.
Exam Tip

Focus on the specific facts that establish each of the elements for the claim, particularly causation and damages, as these are often contested.

Key Cases
  • Murray v. Civil Construction Corp.
  • Mack v. H. E. McGowan Co.
  • Marsh v. Johnson

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