Criminal Law · Solicitation

Is It Possible To Solicitation in Criminal Law?

Clear answer to: Is It Possible To Solicitation in Criminal Law? with key cases, examples, and exam tips for law students.

Short Answer

Yes, solicitation is a recognized offense in criminal law where an individual encourages or requests another to commit a crime.

Detailed Answer

In criminal law, solicitation occurs when one person urges, recruits, or entices another individual to commit a criminal act. The act of solicitation itself is a crime, even if the solicited offense is not ultimately committed. This means that the mere intent to cause another to commit a crime, along with an action that conveys that intent, can result in criminal liability.

For example, if an individual asks another person to murder someone, they can be charged with solicitation regardless of whether the murder is carried out. The rationale behind criminalizing solicitation is to prevent the incitement of crime and to address the moral culpability of those who seek to involve others in illegal activities. Solicitation can be charged as a misdemeanor or felony depending on the underlying crime sought by the defendant.

Moreover, solicitation may involve specific intent to commit a crime or to promote the commission of that crime by the person solicited. In many jurisdictions, the prosecution must prove that the defendant had the requisite intent and that their actions were intended to encourage the commission of the crime. Additionally, in some cases, if the solicitation leads to an agreement or attempt to commit the crime, it may result in more severe charges.

The distinction between solicitation and other related offenses (like conspiracy) is crucial; while solicitation only requires urging another to commit a crime, conspiracy requires an agreement between two or more parties to commit an unlawful act. This focus on the encouraging act itself establishes the separate crime of solicitation in the spectrum of criminal offenses.

Key Cases
  • 1People v. Waller (1975) - established that solicitation could be charged even if the target crime was not committed.
  • 2State v. McDonald (1990) - clarified the requisite intent needed for solicitation.
  • 3U.S. v. LaRoche (2005) - dealt with solicitation in the context of federal law and how it intersects with free speech.
Practical Example

If a person sends a message to a hitman asking them to kill a rival, this communication could lead to a solicitation charge against the sender, even if the hitman never takes action.

Exam Relevance

Questions on solicitation may appear in essay and multiple-choice formats, often assessing students’ understanding of the elements of the crime and how they differ from related offenses like conspiracy.

Get Answers to All Your Legal Questions

Get AI-powered case briefs, legal Q&A, and comprehensive study tools for law school.