Criminal Law · Felony Murder
high frequencyAn overview of Felony Murder as tested on the MBE, including key rules, practice questions, and test-taking tips.
Felony murder is a legal doctrine that holds individuals liable for murder if a death occurs during the commission of a dangerous felony, even if the individual did not intend to kill. Typically applied to inherently dangerous felonies, such as robbery, burglary, arson, and rape, the doctrine can extend liability to co-felons. An essential element of felony murder is that the killing must occur in the course of the felony's commission or immediate flight from the felony's scene, establishing a clear connection between the felony and the resultant death.
The significance of the felony murder rule rests on its deterrent effect and its intention to punish individuals whose actions during felonies result in unintended deaths. Various jurisdictions may approach the definition of a 'dangerous felony' differently, and there are procedural considerations regarding the limitations of the rule, including exceptions for non-felonious killings and the requirement that a defendant must be a major participant in the underlying felony to warrant felony murder liability in some jurisdictions. The MBE often tests these nuances by presenting fact patterns that challenge students' application of the law.
A. A) Yes, because the shooting occurred during the commission of the felony.(Correct)
B. B) No, because only the shooter can be charged.
C. C) Yes, but only if the robbery was a planned crime.
D. D) No, because the death was accidental.
Explanation: All robbers can be charged with felony murder because the death occurred in the course of committing the robbery.
A. A) Yes, because he was committing burglary.(Correct)
B. B) No, because he did not plan to kill.
C. C) Yes, but only if the burglary was violent.
D. D) No, because the death was not during the felony.
Explanation: He is guilty of felony murder because the killing occurred during the commission of the burglary.
A. A) Yes, if the drug deal was a dangerous felony.(Correct)
B. B) No, because the death was not directly caused by the participants.
C. C) Yes, but the participants must have planned for this outcome.
D. D) No, because the felony must involve direct actions of the participants.
Explanation: They can be charged with felony murder if the killing occurs in furtherance of the underlying dangerous felony.
A. A) Yes, if the robbery is deemed a dangerous felony.(Correct)
B. B) No, because the driver did not enter the store.
C. C) Yes, but only if the driver encouraged the robbery.
D. D) No, because the driver did not directly commit the murder.
Explanation: The driver can be charged with felony murder because they were a participant in the felony.
A. A) Yes, because they committed a felony.(Correct)
B. B) No, because it was an accident.
C. C) Yes, but only if the felony was inherently dangerous.
D. D) No, because the death was not a foreseeable result.
Explanation: They can be charged with felony murder as the death occurred during the commission of a felony.