Maryland
How Bouvia v. Superior Court applies in Maryland: state-specific rules, key cases, and bar exam notes for Constitutional Law.
Maryland recognizes the right of individuals to refuse medical treatment, supported by principles of bodily autonomy and informed consent. The state's approach aligns with the precedent set in Bouvia, emphasizing personal decision-making in health care.
Under Maryland law, competent adults have the right to refuse medical treatment that may prolong life, as established by the Maryland Health Care Decisions Act.
Held that a patient has the right to refuse life-sustaining treatment when they have made a clear and informed decision.
Affirmed the right of patients to make end-of-life decisions in accordance with their personal beliefs.
Recognized the application of common law respecting the right to refuse medical intervention.
Maryland's approach to the right to refuse medical treatment aligns closely with federal standards established in cases like Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health. Both recognize the fundamental rights of individuals, yet Maryland law provides specific frameworks for executing healthcare decisions through advanced directives.
Understanding Bouvia and its implications within Maryland law is crucial for the Constitutional Law section of the Maryland bar exam, particularly regarding individual rights and health care decisions.