14-Week Plan

Contracts Study Plan

A 14-week study plan covering formation, consideration, defenses, performance, breach, and remedies under common law and UCC Article 2. Follow the standard 1L contracts syllabus from offer and acceptance through damages.

Week-by-Week Schedule

1

Formation: Offer and Acceptance

Week 1 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 24-50; Lucy v. Zehmer, 196 Va. 493 (1954); Lonergan v. Scolnick, 129 Cal.App.2d 179 (1954); Casebook Ch. 2

Key Concepts to Master

  • Objective theory of contract formation
  • Offer vs. invitation to treat/negotiate
  • Mirror image rule and the mailbox rule
  • Revocation of offers and the master of the offer
  • Option contracts and irrevocable offers

Study Tasks

  • Brief Lucy v. Zehmer and identify the objective theory in action
  • Create flashcards for offer vs. invitation to treat
  • Diagram the timeline of offer, acceptance, and revocation rules
  • Practice a cold call on whether an advertisement constitutes an offer (Lefkowitz v. Great Minneapolis Surplus Store)
2

Formation: Consideration and Bargained-for Exchange

Week 2 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 71-81; Hamer v. Sidway, 124 N.Y. 538 (1891); Dougherty v. Salt, 227 N.Y. 200 (1919); Casebook Ch. 3

Key Concepts to Master

  • Bargained-for exchange as the essence of consideration
  • Legal detriment and benefit analysis
  • Past consideration is no consideration
  • Moral obligation and the material benefit rule (Webb v. McGowin)
  • Adequacy of consideration: courts generally do not inquire
  • Illusory promises and conditional promises

Study Tasks

  • Brief Hamer v. Sidway and identify what constitutes legal detriment
  • Create flashcards for consideration doctrine exceptions
  • Write a practice essay distinguishing gift promises from bargained-for exchanges
  • Draft a one-page comparison: consideration vs. promissory estoppel
3

Promissory Estoppel and Unjust Enrichment

Week 3 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 90; Ricketts v. Scothorn, 57 Neb. 51 (1898); Drennan v. Star Paving Co., 51 Cal.2d 409 (1958); Casebook Ch. 3-4

Key Concepts to Master

  • Section 90 promissory estoppel: promise, reliance, injustice
  • Reasonable and foreseeable reliance requirement
  • Promissory estoppel as a substitute for consideration
  • Quasi-contract and restitution as alternative theories
  • Charitable subscriptions and promissory estoppel

Study Tasks

  • Brief Drennan v. Star Paving Co. and outline the reliance argument
  • Create a comparison chart: consideration vs. promissory estoppel vs. unjust enrichment
  • Practice a hypothetical involving a contractor's reliance on a subcontractor's bid
  • Create flashcards for the elements of promissory estoppel under Section 90
4

Statute of Frauds and Formalities

Week 4 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 110-150; UCC § 2-201; Crabtree v. Elizabeth Arden Sales Corp., 305 N.Y. 48 (1953); Casebook Ch. 5

Key Concepts to Master

  • MYLEGS mnemonic: Marriage, Year, Land, Executor, Goods ($500+), Surety
  • Sufficient memorandum/writing requirement
  • Part performance exception for land contracts
  • UCC Statute of Frauds and the merchant confirmation rule
  • Promissory estoppel as exception to Statute of Frauds
  • Electronic signatures under UETA and E-SIGN

Study Tasks

  • Brief Crabtree v. Elizabeth Arden and analyze the writing requirement
  • Create a flowchart for Statute of Frauds analysis
  • Practice a hypothetical: does an email chain satisfy the writing requirement?
  • Create flashcards for the MYLEGS categories and their exceptions
5

Parol Evidence Rule and Interpretation

Week 5 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 209-218; UCC § 2-202; Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. G.W. Thomas Drayage, 69 Cal.2d 33 (1968); Masterson v. Sine, 68 Cal.2d 222 (1968); Casebook Ch. 6

Key Concepts to Master

  • Parol evidence rule: completely vs. partially integrated agreements
  • Merger/integration clauses and their effect
  • Plain meaning rule vs. contextual interpretation (Williston vs. Corbin approaches)
  • Exceptions: fraud, duress, mistake, condition precedent
  • UCC approach to parol evidence (more liberal than common law)

Study Tasks

  • Brief Pacific Gas & Electric v. G.W. Thomas Drayage
  • Create a flowchart for parol evidence analysis
  • Compare Williston (four corners) vs. Corbin (contextual) approaches
  • Create flashcards for the exceptions to the parol evidence rule
  • Draft a practice essay analyzing whether extrinsic evidence is admissible
6

Defenses: Incapacity, Duress, Undue Influence, and Unconscionability

Week 6 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 12-16, 174-177; UCC § 2-302; Williams v. Walker-Thomas Furniture Co., 350 F.2d 445 (D.C. Cir. 1965); Odorizzi v. Bloomfield School District, 246 Cal.App.2d 123 (1966); Casebook Ch. 7

Key Concepts to Master

  • Infancy doctrine and voidable contracts
  • Mental incapacity: cognitive and volitional tests
  • Economic duress: improper threat + no reasonable alternative
  • Undue influence: unfair persuasion of a susceptible party
  • Unconscionability: procedural and substantive prongs

Study Tasks

  • Brief Williams v. Walker-Thomas Furniture Co. and identify both prongs of unconscionability
  • Create a chart distinguishing duress, undue influence, and unconscionability
  • Practice a hypothetical involving a contract signed under economic pressure
  • Create flashcards for each defense and its elements
7

Defenses: Misrepresentation, Mistake, and Impossibility

Week 7 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 151-164; Sherwood v. Walker, 66 Mich. 568 (1887); Lenawee County Board of Health v. Messerly, 331 N.W.2d 203 (Mich. 1982); Taylor v. Caldwell (1863); Casebook Ch. 7-8

Key Concepts to Master

  • Fraudulent vs. material misrepresentation
  • Mutual mistake: basic assumption, material effect, risk allocation
  • Unilateral mistake and when it allows avoidance
  • Impossibility, impracticability, and frustration of purpose
  • Force majeure clauses and their modern application

Study Tasks

  • Brief Sherwood v. Walker (the Rose of Aberlone case)
  • Create a comparison chart: impossibility vs. impracticability vs. frustration of purpose
  • Write a practice essay on mutual mistake in a real estate transaction
  • Create flashcards for the elements of each defense
8

Conditions and Performance

Week 8 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 224-229; Jacob & Youngs v. Kent, 230 N.Y. 239 (1921); Casebook Ch. 9

Key Concepts to Master

  • Express, implied, and constructive conditions
  • Condition precedent vs. condition subsequent vs. concurrent conditions
  • Substantial performance doctrine (Jacob & Youngs v. Kent)
  • Perfect tender rule under UCC Article 2
  • Excuse of conditions: waiver, estoppel, forfeiture prevention
  • Divisibility of contracts

Study Tasks

  • Brief Jacob & Youngs v. Kent and analyze Cardozo's reasoning
  • Create a flowchart distinguishing express conditions from constructive conditions
  • Compare substantial performance (common law) with perfect tender (UCC)
  • Create flashcards for the types of conditions and their effects
9

Breach and Remedies: Expectation, Reliance, and Restitution

Week 9 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 344-356; Hawkins v. McGee, 84 N.H. 114 (1929); Sullivan v. O'Connor, 296 N.E.2d 183 (Mass. 1973); Casebook Ch. 10

Key Concepts to Master

  • Material vs. minor breach and total vs. partial breach
  • Expectation damages: put the plaintiff in the position of performance
  • Reliance damages: out-of-pocket losses
  • Restitution: disgorgement of the breacher's unjust enrichment
  • Anticipatory repudiation (Hochster v. De La Tour)

Study Tasks

  • Brief Hawkins v. McGee (the hairy hand case) and calculate expectation damages
  • Create a damages calculation worksheet comparing expectation, reliance, and restitution
  • Practice a hypothetical: does a delay in delivery constitute material breach?
  • Create flashcards for the three damages interests
10

Remedies: Limitations and Specific Performance

Week 10 of 14

Readings

Hadley v. Baxendale, 9 Exch. 341 (1854); Peevyhouse v. Garland Coal & Mining Co., 382 P.2d 109 (Okla. 1962); Casebook Ch. 10-11

Key Concepts to Master

  • Foreseeability limitation (Hadley v. Baxendale: general vs. special damages)
  • Certainty requirement for lost profits
  • Mitigation of damages duty
  • Liquidated damages vs. penalties
  • Specific performance: inadequacy of legal remedy, feasibility, and clean hands
  • Cost of completion vs. diminution in value (Peevyhouse problem)

Study Tasks

  • Brief Hadley v. Baxendale and explain the two-prong foreseeability test
  • Create a flowchart for damages limitations analysis
  • Write a practice essay on whether specific performance should be granted for a land sale
  • Create flashcards for the four limitations on contract damages
11

UCC Article 2: Formation, Warranties, and Breach

Week 11 of 14

Readings

UCC §§ 2-204 to 2-207, 2-313 to 2-316, 2-601 to 2-612; Casebook Ch. 12-13

Key Concepts to Master

  • UCC gap-filling provisions (open price, open quantity)
  • Battle of the forms under UCC § 2-207
  • Express warranties, implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose
  • Warranty disclaimers and limitations of remedies
  • Perfect tender rule and right to cure under UCC
  • Installment contracts and substantial impairment

Study Tasks

  • Work through three battle-of-the-forms problems under § 2-207
  • Create a comparison chart: common law formation vs. UCC formation
  • Create flashcards for the three types of warranties and how to disclaim each
  • Draft an analysis of a hypothetical warranty dispute
12

Third-Party Rights: Assignment, Delegation, and Third-Party Beneficiaries

Week 12 of 14

Readings

Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 302-315, 317-326; Lawrence v. Fox, 20 N.Y. 268 (1859); Casebook Ch. 14

Key Concepts to Master

  • Intended vs. incidental beneficiaries
  • Vesting of third-party beneficiary rights
  • Assignment of rights: what is assignable and anti-assignment clauses
  • Delegation of duties: non-delegable duties
  • Defenses against assignees and beneficiaries

Study Tasks

  • Brief Lawrence v. Fox and analyze creditor beneficiary status
  • Create a flowchart for third-party beneficiary analysis
  • Practice a hypothetical involving an assignment of a personal services contract
  • Create flashcards for intended vs. incidental beneficiary distinctions
13

Contract Modification, Discharge, and Good Faith

Week 13 of 14

Readings

UCC § 2-209; Restatement (Second) of Contracts §§ 73, 89, 205; Alaska Packers' Association v. Domenico, 117 F. 99 (9th Cir. 1902); Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, 222 N.Y. 88 (1917); Casebook Ch. 15

Key Concepts to Master

  • Pre-existing duty rule and its erosion
  • UCC modification without consideration (§ 2-209)
  • Implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing
  • Accord and satisfaction, novation, and substituted contract
  • Discharge by rescission, release, and merger

Study Tasks

  • Brief Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon and identify implied obligations
  • Create a chart comparing common law vs. UCC modification rules
  • Practice a hypothetical on whether a contract modification is enforceable
  • Create flashcards for the methods of contract discharge
14

Review and Exam Preparation

Week 14 of 14

Readings

Review all major cases; Restatement provisions; UCC Article 2 key sections; class notes and outlines

Key Concepts to Master

  • Issue-spotting across formation, defenses, performance, breach, and remedies
  • Distinguishing common law from UCC analysis
  • Selecting the correct remedy for each breach scenario
  • Integrating third-party issues into a breach/remedy analysis
  • Writing organized IRAC essays under time pressure

Study Tasks

  • Complete a full practice exam under timed conditions
  • Create a comprehensive one-page attack outline for contracts
  • Review and consolidate all flashcard decks
  • Identify your three weakest areas and re-read those cases
  • Practice explaining the UCC vs. common law differences to a study partner

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